HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:
Sign In to gain access to subscriptions and/or personal tools.

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in ISI Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Judson, R. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Judson, R.

Using Multiple Drug Exposure Levels to Optimize Power in Pharmacogenetic Trials

From Genaissance Pharmaceuticals, New Haven, Connecticut.

Large-scale pharmacogenetic trials testing tens to hundreds of thousands of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) will become possible in the near future given rapidly decreasing costs of genotyping. Devising optimal designs for these trials will be a significant challenge. The author demonstrates how the level of drug exposure may strongly affect the power to detect true associations between genetic polymorphisms and drug response. An analytic model of drug response is described that is used to simulate pharmacogenetic trials. Analytical and numerical sensitivity analyses are performed on the model to demonstrate possible exposure-sensitivity behaviors. This model shows that the power to detect an association can be a nonlinear, nonmonotonic function of drug exposure. This model is further investigated using two clinical trial designs. The conclusion is that trial designs that use more than one drug exposure or dose will have an increased likelihood of discovering statistically significant pharmacogenetic associations.

Key Words: Pharmacogenetic trials • single-nucleotide polymorphisms • genotyping • drug exposure • modeling and simulation

Address for reprints: Richard Judson, PhD, Genaissance Pharmaceuticals, 5 Science Park, New Haven, CT 06511.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				F. E. Lotrich, R. R. Bies, G. S. Smith, and B. G. Pollock Relevance of assessing drug concentration exposure in pharmacogenetic and imaging studies. J Psychopharmacol, July 1, 2006; 20(4 Suppl): 33 - 40. [Abstract] [PDF]